In this second installment of our exploration of the Bolivian Museum of Masks and Folklore, we delve into the heart of what makes this museum truly extraordinary: the masks themselves. Each piece tells a story, embodies a tradition, and offers a glimpse into Bolivia’s vibrant cultural context. Below, we take a closer look at some of the standout masks from the collection, accompanied by photos that bring their artistry and significance to life.
Diablo de Tropa
A star of the Diablada dance, the Diablo de Tropa mask is a fiery explosion of color and intricate details. Adorned with horns, fangs, and serpentine motifs, it represents the devilish figure locked in eternal battle with the forces of good. The masks are worn by groups of dancers, creating a mesmerizing visual spectacle during the famed Carnaval de Oruro.
Maligno o D
emonio
This mask takes the menacing qualities of the Diablo de Tropa to the next level. The Maligno or demon mask features exaggerated, terrifying features like bulging eyes and sharp teeth, symbolizing the darker side of spiritual battles. Its detailed craftsmanship highlights the skill of Bolivian artisans in capturing raw emotion and mythological themes.
Oso
The Oso mask, representing a bear, offers a playful yet powerful presence in Bolivian folklore. Bears often symbolize strength and
unpredictability, and performers wearing this mask incorporate dynamic movements and antics, captivating audiences with their energy and humor.
Achachi Paxla o Abuelo Calvo
The Achachi Paxla, or bald grandfather mask, is a whimsical depiction of an elderly figure. It is often used to bring humor and lightheartedness to traditional dances. The exaggerated features and comical expressions remind us of the important role of laughter and storytelling in Bolivian culture.
Caporal
A symbol of authority and colonial history, the Caporal mask is central to the Caporales dance. These masks, often featuring a commanding expression and elaborate detailing, represent the
overseers during colonial times. Today, the Caporales dance is a vibrant blend of defiance, rhythm, and cultural pride.
Waphuri
The Waphuri mask represents a character from the high-altitude regions of Bolivia. Its bold colors and expressive features reflect the traditions of the communities that 
thrive in these challenging environments.
Kusillo
The Kusillo mask is one of Bolivia’s most beloved and iconic characters. A mischievous jester-like figure, the Kusillo combines humor, wisdom, and a trickster’s spirit. With its vibrant colors
and playful design, it adds levity and joy to traditional performances.
Pakhochi
The Pakhochi mask is a representation of rural life and traditional customs in Bolivia. Its earthy tones and simple yet expressive design reflect the agricultural roots of Bolivian culture, honoring the hardworking communities that sustain the land.
These are some other pieces that we found in the museum:
The masks in this collection are not just relics under glass; they are echoes of drumbeats,
whispers of ancestors, and the lingering mischief of tricksters who refuse to be forgotten. They stare back at us, daring us to see beyond the paint, beyond the carved contours—to hear the stories they carry.
Some glare with fury, others grin with secrets. Some are guardians of the past, others are rebels of the present. But all of them—every Diablo, every Kusillo, every Achachila—are alive in their own way, waiting for the next
festival, the next dance, the next storyteller bold enough to bring them back to life.
And so, as we leave this gallery of spirits, monsters, and legends, one thing is certain: the masks of Bolivia do not simply rest on shelves. They watch. They remember. They endure.
